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If an ability would produce one or more mana of an undefined type, it produces no mana instead.

Some abilities produce mana based on the type of mana another permanent or permanents “could produce.” The type of mana a permanent could produce at any time includes any type of mana that an ability of that permanent would produce if the ability were to resolve at that time, taking into account any applicable replacement effects in any possible order. Ignore whether any costs of the ability could or could not be paid. If that permanent wouldn’t produce any mana under these conditions, or no type of mana can be defined this way, there’s no type of mana it could produce.

To “tap [a permanent] for mana” is to activate a mana ability of that permanent that includes the {T} symbol in its activation cost. See rule 605, “Mana Abilities.”

An ability that triggers whenever a permanent “is tapped for mana” or is tapped for mana of a specified type triggers whenever such a mana ability resolves and produces mana or the specified type of mana.

A replacement effect that applies if a permanent “is tapped for mana” or tapped for mana of a specific type and/or amount modifies the mana production event while such an ability is resolving and producing mana or the specified type and/or amount of mana.

If an object’s enters-the-battlefield triggered ability or replacement effect refers to X, and the spell that became that object as it resolved had a value of X chosen for any of its costs, the value of X for that ability is the same as the value of X for that spell, although the value of X for that permanent is 0. This is an exception to rule 107.3i.

The tap symbol is {T}. The tap symbol in an activation cost means “Tap this permanent.” A permanent that’s already tapped can’t be tapped again to pay the cost. A creature’s activated ability with the tap symbol in its activation cost can’t be activated unless the creature has been under its controller’s control continuously since their most recent turn began. See rule 302.6.

The untap symbol is {Q}. The untap symbol in an activation cost means “Untap this permanent.” A permanent that’s already untapped can’t be untapped again to pay the cost. A creature’s activated ability with the untap symbol in its activation cost can’t be activated unless the creature has been under its controller’s control continuously since their most recent turn began. See rule 302.6.

Damage dealt to creatures remains on those creatures until the cleanup step or until an effect removes that damage. If you control Tom Bombadil with at least 4 damage on it as well as a single Saga which has four or more lore counters on it, and that Saga leaves the battlefield later in the turn, Tom Bombadil will be destroyed. This will be true even if that Saga leaves the battlefield as a result of its final chapter ability leaving the stack; state-based actions will be checked before Tom Bombadil's triggered ability could get you another Saga.

An ability that triggers when another ability resolves, such as Tom Bombadil's triggered ability, triggers when all of its instructions (as modified by applicable replacement effects) have been followed and it has been removed from the stack. For example, if Tom Bombadil is returned to the battlefield by the final chapter ability of Elspeth Conquers Death, it will be on the battlefield in time to see that final chapter ability finish resolving and get removed from the stack, and thus Tom Bombadil's last ability will trigger.

The final chapter ability of a Saga is the ability with the greatest chapter number among chapter abilities that Saga has.