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A spell that deals direct damage to creatures or players.

Specifically removes creatures — destroy, exile, damage, or -X/-X.

Land-focused strategies beyond ramp — land recursion, land sacrifice, Crucible of Worlds.

Specifically damages, destroys, or shuts down planeswalkers.

Answers an opponent's threat by destroying, exiling, bouncing, or otherwise removing a permanent or spell.

Broadly benefits from sacrificing permanents — overlaps aristocrats but includes non-creature sacrifice.